- More common in females (6:1), first born, left hip (60%) more than right, and Bilateral in 20%
- Presentation depends on the age of baby
- Barlow and ortalani test sensitive upto to 95% in first 6 weeks and there after sensitivity decreases
- USG scan investigation of choice in suspected new born cases
- Radiographs useful after 6 months of age
- As the child grows, following anatomic changes take place if not treated : Increased femoral anteversion, Flattening of the femoral head, Increased acetabular anteversion, Increased obliquity and decreased concavity of the acetabular roof, Thickening of the medial acetabular wall, ligamentum teres elongates and pulvinar thickens
- Pavlik harness used to treat babies upto 6 months of age
- Closed reduction and spica casting- 6-18 months old
- Open reduction and spica casting- > 18 months old, failure of closed reduction
- Open reduction and femoral osteotomy- > 2 to 4 years old, with residual hip dysplasia
- Open reduction and pelvic osteotomy- used more commonly in older children (> 4 yr)
