Blount’s disease is progressive pathologic genu varum centered at the tibia Infantile and adolescent types Excessive medial pressure produces an osteochondrosis of the medial proximal tibial physis and epiphysis, osteochondrosis can progress to a physeal bar Based on a study children with Blount disease have increased height and width of the medial meniscus, and greater frequency of abnormal signals in the…
Calcaneal fractures are the most common tarsal fractures, Approximately 75% are intra-articular Sanders Classification is used for calcaneum fractures Traumatic axial loading is the primary mechanism of injury, Fall from height, Motor-vehicle accidents are causes for calcaneal fractures Displaced intra-articular calcaneal fractures (i.e., ≥2 mm of articular incongruity at the posterior facet or a Bohler angle of <20°), Open fractures, Displaced posterior…
Present with pain, numbness and burning sensation in fingers with or without weakness Clinical examination, USG and Electrodiagnostic evaluations are needed to diagnose Ultrasound has a higher specificity than nerve conduction studies, making it the better confirmatory test If symptoms persist after nonoperative treatment, most commonly consisting of bracing and/or corticosteroid injection, surgical release of the carpal tunnel is indicated
Dynamic or static mechanical compression of the cervical spinal cord Causes : bulging disc, bony osteophytes, and/or hypertrophy or calcification of ligaments Presentation: Gait and balance disturbances, worsening of fine motor skills, Diffuse numbness in the hands, Difficulty holding objects, and abnormal reflex findings Diagnosed by Extensive evaluation of patient history, examination and Imaging modalities Functional scoring system–the modified Japanese…
Most common locations include the pelvis, proximal femur, distal femur, scapula Primary vs secondary chondrosarcoma Histologic grade correlates with survival Poor prognostic variables-axial and proximal extremity lesions, advanced patient age, inadequate surgical margins Investigations : MRI,CT and needle biopsy Wide surgical excision is the treatment of choice
Most common congenital deformities of the lower extremity with incidence 1-2 cases per 1000 live births Between six and twelve weeks of gestational age, the fetal foot assumes a clubfoot position Deformities include : hindfoot varus and equinus, forefoot adductus and midfoot cavus Talus has a short neck with medial and plantar deviation of the anterior end. Also the medial…
