Cervical spine is commonly affected in RA Following involvement is seen in decreasing order: Anterior atlontoaxial subluxation, atlantoaxial subluxation combined with subaxial Subluxation, Isolated subaxial subluxation, Superior migration of odontoid (a/k/a basilar invagination or vertical atlontoaxial instability Present with neck pain and paraesthesia / numbness in upper/lower extremities X rays are useful in identifying cervical spine changes Non operative management…
Most commonly seen in children aged 5-7 years with fall on out stretched hand Extension type is seen >95% Gartland Classificaiton is used to classify extension type of SCH fractures Always check for distal pulses If palpable pulses do not return, but the limb is warm and pink and/or pulses are Dopplerable, the patient may be observed for 24 to…
Talar neck fractures most common Mechanism of injury : forced dorsiflexion with axial load Investigations : x-ray and CT scan if needed Non operative management for un-displaced (<2mm) fractures Hawkins classification is used for talar neck fractures Displaced talar neck and/or body fractures should be treated with open reduction and internal fixation Common complications include osteonecrosis, ankle stiffness, arthritis
Genetically determined failures of bony segmentation Autosomal dominant inheritance pattern Symptoms first appear during adolescence Standing anteroposterior and lateral radiographs, 45° oblique films and Harris heel views Conservative management is first line of management Coalition resection is offered as next line of management and arthrodesis if subtalar arthritis has set in.
Commonest form of skeletal TB Haematogenous spread from primary focus (active / quiescent) Involvement of paradiscal parts of two contiguous vertebrae (typical lesion) due to common blood supply Presentation : Deformity, neurological deficit, pain Constitutional symptoms – fever, malaise, anorexia, weight loss Based on development of neurological symptoms its is classified into early (<2yrs) and late(>2yrs) Radiological investigations only reveal…
Total cemented fixation reached a peak of 92-93% during 1998-2000. Increasing use of uncemented fixation in THA is a worldwide phenomenon McLaughlin JR et al reported revision for aseptic loosening as the endpoint was 99% at 26 yrs Streit MR et al : Survivorship for femoral revision for aseptic loosening as the end point was 93% at 22 years 25Year…
